{"id":5660,"date":"2026-02-11T08:37:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T08:37:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/?p=5660"},"modified":"2026-05-20T01:47:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T01:47:57","slug":"fiducial-marks-explained-how-pick-and-place-machines-align-pcb-boards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/fiducial-marks-explained-how-pick-and-place-machines-align-pcb-boards\/","title":{"rendered":"Fiducial \u0130\u015faretler A\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131: Alma ve Yerle\u015ftirme Makineleri Pcb Kartlar\u0131n\u0131 Nas\u0131l Hizalar?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fiducial'lar iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. PCB'niz hafif\u00e7e d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, hafif\u00e7e kayd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, hafif\u00e7e e\u011filmi\u015f ve bazen kameran\u0131n nefret etti\u011fi bir \u015fekilde hafif\u00e7e parlak g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde makineye \u201cs\u0131f\u0131r\u201d \u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen sessiz hakemlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak\u0131ll\u0131 ekiplerin, asla bir makine sorunu olmayan bir alma ve yerle\u015ftirme makinesi hizalama sorununu \u201cayarlamak\u201d i\u00e7in g\u00fcnlerini bo\u015fa harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Bu bir kart sorunuydu. Fiducial'lar \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fc, serigrafi taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, bak\u0131r d\u00f6k\u00fclme g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131n\u0131nda duruyordu ve lehim maskesi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6r bir u\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7i\u011fnenmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peki ger\u00e7ekte neler oluyor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se\u00e7 ve yerle\u015ftir \u201cCAD'inize g\u00f6re hizalanmaz\u201d. Piksellere g\u00f6re hizalar. Kontrasta g\u00f6re hizalar. Konvey\u00f6r hala titre\u015firken SMT g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc sistemi hizalama algoritmas\u0131n\u0131n 30.000+ CPH'de g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde kilitlenebildi\u011fi her \u015feye hizalan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve evet, sekt\u00f6r bunun ne kadar zor oldu\u011funu h\u00e2l\u00e2 hafife al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-pcb-fiducial-marks-actually-do-and-what-they-don-t-\">PCB referans i\u015faretleri ger\u00e7ekte ne yapar (ve ne yapmaz)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130\u015fte \u00e7irkin ger\u00e7ek: Makine asla tahtaya tam olarak g\u00fcvenmez. Matemati\u011fe g\u00fcvenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yamaha, Fuji, Panasonic, ASM, Hanwha, JUKI - rozetinizi se\u00e7in - \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor olsan\u0131z da tipik bir yerle\u015ftirme i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tahta girer, kenetlenir ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u201cneredesin?\u201d yakalamas\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kamera \u015funlar\u0131 arar&nbsp;<strong>PCB tescil i\u015faretleri<\/strong>&nbsp;(fiducials).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u015funlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zer&nbsp;<strong>\u00e7eviri (X\/Y)<\/strong>&nbsp;ve&nbsp;<strong>rotasyon (\u03b8)<\/strong>&nbsp;en az iki noktadan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Daha iyi sistemler ayr\u0131ca ekstra i\u015faretler kullanarak hafif \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirmeyi\/kaymay\u0131 tahmin eder (insanlar\u0131n demolarda \u00f6v\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201ctahta esneme telafisi\u201d \u00f6zelli\u011fi).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sonra yerle\u015ftirme ba\u015flar... ve d\u00fczeltmeye devam eder.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Basit mi? Pek say\u0131lmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc fiducial g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc nadiren m\u00fckemmeldir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parlama olur. Maske yanl\u0131\u015f kayd\u0131 olur. Toz olu\u015fur. \u00c7arp\u0131kl\u0131k olur. Ve referans noktas\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kamera avlanmak i\u00e7in fazladan milisaniyeler harcar - o zaman hat h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fc\u015fer ve herkes bunun besleyiciyle ilgili oldu\u011funu varsayar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 vaatlerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z, tedarik\u00e7iniz bunu bir poli\u00e7e gibi bir belgeye koymal\u0131d\u0131r.&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/service-promise\/\">SMT ekipman deste\u011fi i\u00e7in hizmet s\u00f6z\u00fc<\/a><\/strong>, sadece bir sat\u0131\u015f destesi de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"why-designers-keep-getting-fiducials-wrong\">Tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar neden mali bilgileri yanl\u0131\u015f anlamaya devam ediyor?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc referanslar \u201cger\u00e7ek devre\u201d gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Bu y\u00fczden sonunda k\u00f6\u015feye itilirler. Sonra PCB panelize edilmi\u015f olarak geri gelir, raylar eklenir, V-skorlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve \u201ck\u00f6\u015feniz\u201d art\u0131k bir k\u00f6\u015fe de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca, yerle\u015fim ekipleri y\u00f6nlendirme yo\u011funlu\u011fu i\u00e7in optimizasyon yapar. Hat, g\u00f6rsel kesinlik i\u00e7in optimizasyon yapar. Bu hedefler birbiriyle sava\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kalitesinin \u201csadece referans i\u015faretleri ekle\u201d onay kutusu de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ek bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorunu oldu\u011funa dair kan\u0131t ister misiniz? 2023 tarihli PubMed endeksli bir referans i\u015fareti segmentasyonu makalesi, \u00f6zellikle ger\u00e7ek referans i\u015faretlerinin da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k, y\u00fcksek g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc arka planlarda yer almas\u0131 nedeniyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir U-Net yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan (mARU-Net) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir do\u011fruluk kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Bu hobi i\u015fi de\u011fil. Bu, vizyonu davranmaya zorlayan fabrikalard\u0131r.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38067720\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in PubMed kayd\u0131<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38067720\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=2811&amp;action=edit\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3.jpg\" alt=\"Alma ve Yerle\u015ftirme Makineleri\" class=\"wp-image-5663\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3.jpg 960w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fiducial-mark-placement-guidelines-i-actually-trust\">Ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fcvendi\u011fim referans i\u015fareti yerle\u015ftirme y\u00f6nergeleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dc\u00e7 kelime: kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eimdi ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 versiyonu, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201ckolay \u201d\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>K\u00fcresel referanslar\u0131 kullan\u0131n<\/strong>: en az\u0131ndan&nbsp;<strong>2<\/strong>, ideal olarak&nbsp;<strong>3<\/strong>, birbirinden uzakta. Bunlar\u0131 panonun kar\u015f\u0131t k\u00f6\u015felerine (veya makinenin ilk g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fey buysa panel raylar\u0131na) yak\u0131n yerle\u015ftirin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yerel referanslar ekleyin<\/strong>&nbsp;ince aral\u0131kl\u0131 ve yo\u011fun alanlar i\u00e7in: BGA'lar, 0,4 mm aral\u0131kl\u0131 QFN'ler, \u00b5BGA'lar, dar konekt\u00f6r b\u00f6lgeleri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Onlar\u0131 temiz tutun<\/strong>: serigrafi yok, metin yok, lehim pastas\u0131 yok, keepout i\u00e7inde via yok.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kontrol geometrisi<\/strong>: yuvarlak bak\u0131r ped, sa\u011flam kenar, tutarl\u0131 y\u00fczey.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130zin verin<\/strong>: Lehim maskesi bo\u015flu\u011fu ve bak\u0131r tutma \u201csahip olunmas\u0131 g\u00fczel\u201d \u015feyler de\u011fildir. Net bir hedef ile lekeli bir leke aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve evet, s\u00f6yleyece\u011fim: e\u011fer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck pasifler kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z (01005 0,4 \u00d7 0,2 mm'dir) ve hala \u201clogoya yak\u0131n bir fiducial\u201d kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, verimle kumar oynuyorsunuz demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"global-fiducials-vs-local-fiducials-stop-treating-this-like-a-debate\">K\u00fcresel g\u00fcvenilirlere kar\u015f\u0131 yerel g\u00fcvenilirler: bunu bir tart\u0131\u015fma gibi ele almay\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu din de\u011fil. Hata b\u00fct\u00e7elemesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Global referanslar kart seviyesinde konum ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc sabitler. Yerel referanslar, kritik bir yerle\u015ftirme b\u00f6lgesinin yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki art\u0131k hatay\u0131 azalt\u0131r; \u00f6zellikle de kart b\u00fck\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, panel esnedi\u011finde veya depaneling i\u015fleminden kaynaklanan birikmi\u015f tolerans\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011funda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karma i\u015f yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z (bug\u00fcn prototip, yar\u0131n hacim), her ikisi i\u00e7in de tasar\u0131m yap\u0131n. Dramas\u0131z vites de\u011fi\u015ftirebilen bir hatta ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, \u015funlara bak\u0131n&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/solution\/prototype-small-batch-lines\/\">prototip ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck parti SMT hatt\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;ve ayr\u0131ca&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/solution\/high-speed-mass-production-lines\/\">y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 seri \u00fcretim SMT hatlar\u0131<\/a><\/strong>-\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 2.000 CPH'de \u201ci\u015fe yarayan\u201d fiducial strateji, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc s\u00fcresi darbo\u011faz haline geldi\u011finde 35.000 CPH'de da\u011f\u0131labilir. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/high-speed-pick-and-place-machines-fuji-nxt-vs-hanwha-vs-asm-comparison\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Alma ve Yerle\u015ftirme Makinesi<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fiducial-mark-size-and-clearance-the-numbers-people-keep-hand-waving\">Fiducial i\u015faret boyutu ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131: insanlar\u0131n el sallay\u0131p durdu\u011fu rakamlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Burada pratik olaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sayg\u0131 duydu\u011fum \u00e7o\u011fu montajc\u0131 bu civarda bir \u015feyle mutlu oluyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131r ped \u00e7ap\u0131<\/strong>: ~&nbsp;<strong>1.0 mm<\/strong>&nbsp;(genellikle kabul edilebilir aral\u0131k:&nbsp;<strong>0,8-1,5 mm<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lehim maskesi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>: ~&nbsp;<strong>2.0-3.0 mm<\/strong>&nbsp;(etraf\u0131nda maskesiz temiz bir \u201chalka\u201d olmas\u0131n\u0131 istersiniz)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Keepout<\/strong>&nbsp;(bak\u0131r \u00f6zellik yok, serigrafi yok, vias yok): kabaca&nbsp;<strong>2.0-3.0 mm<\/strong>&nbsp;kamera g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131na ve montajc\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kurallar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak referans kenar\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ama. Ve bu \u00f6nemli. \u201cEn iyi\u201d say\u0131lar kamera kurulumuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: lens tipi (telesentrik vs standart), ayd\u0131nlatma (koaksiyel vs halka) ve alg\u0131lama y\u00f6ntemi (kenar alg\u0131lama vs desen e\u015fle\u015ftirme vs ML tabanl\u0131 segmentasyon). Bu nedenle ciddi ekipler DFM kurallar\u0131n\u0131 genel internet \u00e7izelgeleriyle de\u011fil, belirli bir hatla uyumlu hale getirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha az s\u00fcrprizle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmak istiyorsan\u0131z, bunu s\u00fcre\u00e7 dok\u00fcmantasyonunuza ve e\u011fitiminize dahil edin. Size anahtar teslim hat satan bir tedarik\u00e7i \u015funlar\u0131 da sunmal\u0131d\u0131r&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/solution\/training-after-sales-support\/\">e\u011fitim ve sat\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 destek<\/a><\/strong>, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hizalama a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 operat\u00f6r kurulumu ve yar\u0131s\u0131 PCB tasar\u0131m al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. (<a href=\"https:\/\/tsapps.nist.gov\/publication\/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=958147\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tsapps.nist.gov<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=2792&amp;action=edit\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines2.jpg\" alt=\"Alma ve Yerle\u015ftirme Makineleri\" class=\"wp-image-5662\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines2.jpg 960w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines2-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-fiducial-visibility-problem-nobody-wants-to-admit\">Kimsenin kabul etmek istemedi\u011fi \u201cg\u00fcvene dayal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d sorunu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kameralar \u201cbak\u0131r\u201d g\u00f6rmez. Kontrast g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Yani y\u00fczey kalitesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ENIG belirli \u0131\u015f\u0131klar alt\u0131nda parlayabilir. OSP daha d\u00fcz g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. HASL kenarlarda d\u00fczensiz g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl de\u011fildir - fiducial'\u0131n\u0131z k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve kalabal\u0131k ve maske a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zensiz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece. O zaman g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sistemi tahmin y\u00fcr\u00fctmeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve tahmin etmek pahal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden insanlar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve alg\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndan bahsetti\u011finde g\u00f6zlerimi devirmiyorum. NIST, \u00fcretim robotlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm bilimi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir 2024 raporu yay\u0131nlad\u0131 ve fabrikalar i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ve maliyet bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda daha fazla otomasyonu benimserken temel bir teknik ihtiya\u00e7 olarak alg\u0131lama \/ makine g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtti.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tsapps.nist.gov\/publication\/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=958147\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIST GCR 24-054 (Haziran 2024)<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/tsapps.nist.gov\/publication\/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=958147\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tsapps.nist.gov<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a-comparison-table-you-can-hand-to-a-pcb-designer\">PCB tasar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131na verebilece\u011finiz bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma tablosu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Konu<\/th><th>K\u00fcresel Finansallar<\/th><th>Yerel Mali Kurulu\u015flar<\/th><th>Ger\u00e7ek hayatta ne yapard\u0131m?<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Ama\u00e7<\/td><td>Kart d\u00fczeyinde X\/Y\/\u03b8 hizalama<\/td><td>Kritik par\u00e7alar\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131nda ince hizalama<\/td><td>Herhangi bir \u201cciddi\u201d tahtada ikisini de kullan\u0131n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Saymak<\/td><td>Minimum 2, tercihen 3<\/td><td>Yo\u011fun b\u00f6lge ba\u015f\u0131na 1-2<\/td><td>BGA\/QFN b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7in 3 global + yerel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yerle\u015ftirme<\/td><td>Uzakta, k\u00f6\u015felere\/raylara yak\u0131n<\/td><td>Bile\u015fen k\u00fcmesine yak\u0131n<\/td><td>M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yerel halk\u0131 hedef alan\u0131n ~25-50 mm yak\u0131n\u0131nda tutun<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanl\u0131\u015fsa risk<\/td><td>T\u00fcm pano kayar\/d\u00f6ner<\/td><td>Sadece bir b\u00f6lge s\u00fcr\u00fckleniyor<\/td><td>K\u00fcresel hatalar verimi h\u0131zla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tasar\u0131m tuzaklar\u0131<\/td><td>Raylarla gizlenmi\u015f, serigrafi, bak\u0131r d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc<\/td><td>Kalelerin i\u00e7ine koyun, pedlere \u00e7ok yak\u0131n<\/td><td>Kurallar\u0131 CAD'de kilitleyin, \u201cg\u00f6z atmay\u0131n\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>En iyi kullan\u0131m durumu<\/td><td>Herhangi bir PCB montaj\u0131<\/td><td>\u0130nce aral\u0131kl\u0131, y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluklu, e\u011fri paneller<\/td><td>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k SMT hatlar\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131 toleranslar<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"real-world-pressure-why-this-matters-more-in-2024-than-it-did-in-2014\">Ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya bask\u0131s\u0131: Bu neden 2024'te 2014'te oldu\u011fundan daha \u00f6nemli?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Otomasyon paras\u0131 ak\u0131yor. Bu bir his de\u011fil. Bu sermaye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reuters'in Haziran 2024'te bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re Bright Machines&nbsp;<strong>$106 milyon<\/strong>&nbsp;Nvidia ve Microsoft'un da dahil oldu\u011fu bir finansman turunda, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yapay zeka ve bilgisayar g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile \u00fcretim g\u00f6revlerini otomatikle\u015ftirmeye odakland\u0131. Bu da sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor: i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc, h\u0131z, tutarl\u0131l\u0131k.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/artificial-intelligence\/ai-focused-manufacturing-startup-raises-106-million-nvidia-others-2024-06-25\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters kapsam\u0131<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/artificial-intelligence\/ai-focused-manufacturing-startup-raises-106-million-nvidia-others-2024-06-25\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131m \u015fu: Yapay zeka katmanla\u015fsa bile, referanslar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeli ger\u00e7eklik \u00e7apas\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor. K\u00f6t\u00fc hedeflerden \u201cyapay zeka ile\u201d kurtulamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Sadece daha incelikli bir \u015fekilde ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan daha ak\u0131ll\u0131 bir sistem in\u015fa edersiniz - karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k i\u00e7in zaten \u00f6deme yapt\u0131ktan sonra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca, robotik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 hassas kullan\u0131m konusunda daha da keskinle\u015fiyor. MIT'nin SimPLE (Science Robotics) hakk\u0131ndaki 2024 yaz\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli nesneler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek yerle\u015ftirme ba\u015far\u0131 oranlar\u0131n\u0131 kovalayan alma ve yerle\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemlerini vurgulamaktad\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ger\u00e7ek da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlarda hassasiyet hala zor k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2024\/new-model-offers-robots-precise-pick-place-solutions-0809\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MIT Haberleri (9 A\u011fustos 2024)<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2024\/new-model-offers-robots-precise-pick-place-solutions-0809\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news.mit.edu<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yani evet, g\u00fcvene dayal\u0131 kurallar\u0131n\u0131z \u00f6nemli. Her zamankinden daha fazla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-internal-process-fix-most-companies-avoid\">\u00c7o\u011fu \u015firketin ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7 s\u00fcre\u00e7 d\u00fczeltmesi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Size bir sahip laz\u0131m. \u201cHerkese\u201d de\u011fil.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130yi fabrikalarda, PCB referans i\u015faretleri bir kabile haf\u0131zas\u0131 de\u011fil, s\u00fcr\u00fcm kontrol listesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. DFM g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7iricisi \u015funlar\u0131 kontrol eder: global say\u0131, aral\u0131k, maske bo\u015flu\u011fu, keepout, panel ray\u0131 etkisi ve ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan yerlerde yerel referanslar\u0131n mevcut olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ekipman sat\u0131n al\u0131yor veya bir hatt\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa ediyorsan\u0131z, bunu bir sistem olarak yap\u0131n. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/solution\/turnkey-smt-line-solutions\/\">Anahtar teslim SMT hatt\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;ilk etapta var: yaz\u0131c\u0131 + yerle\u015ftirme + yeniden ak\u0131\u015f + denetim + ta\u015f\u0131ma, birlikte ayarlanm\u0131\u015f, \u201cen iyi f\u0131rsatlardan\u201d Frankensteined de\u011fil. (<a href=\"https:\/\/tsapps.nist.gov\/publication\/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=958147\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tsapps.nist.gov<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=2771&amp;action=edit\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3.jpg\" alt=\"Alma ve Yerle\u015ftirme Makineleri\" class=\"wp-image-5663\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3.jpg 960w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Pick-and-Place-Machines3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faqs\">SSS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-do-pcb-fiducial-marks-help-pick-and-place-machines-align-pcbs-\">PCB referans i\u015faretleri, alma ve yerle\u015ftirme makinelerinin PCB'leri hizalamas\u0131na nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PCB referans i\u015faretleri, bir al ve yerle\u015ftir kameras\u0131n\u0131n kart\u0131n X\/Y kaymas\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ard\u0131ndan bu d\u00fczeltmeyi yap\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda her yerle\u015ftirme koordinat\u0131na uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k referans hedeflerdir. S\u00fcr\u00fcklenen, kusurlu bir konvey\u00f6r d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 makinenin g\u00fcvenebilece\u011fi istikrarl\u0131 bir koordinat sistemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu tan\u0131mdan sonra, i\u015fte pratik k\u0131s\u0131m: iki i\u015faret konum ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6zer; ekstra i\u015faretler hafif esneme, panel esnekli\u011fi veya yo\u011fun par\u00e7alar\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki lokalize bozulmay\u0131 telafi etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Hatt\u0131n\u0131z 01005 veya 0,4 mm aral\u0131kl\u0131 par\u00e7alar yerle\u015ftiriyorsa, s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgeye yak\u0131n yerler genellikle ger\u00e7ek verim tasarrufu sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-are-fiducial-mark-placement-guidelines-that-reduce-placement-errors-\">Yerle\u015ftirme hatalar\u0131n\u0131 azaltan fiducial i\u015faret yerle\u015ftirme y\u00f6nergeleri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fiducial i\u015faret yerle\u015ftirme y\u00f6nergeleri, temiz, y\u00fcksek kontrastl\u0131 fiducialleri (global ve lokal) konumland\u0131ran yerle\u015fim kurallar\u0131d\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece SMT g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc sistemi bunlar\u0131 serigrafi, bak\u0131r \u00f6zellikler, yollar veya lehim maskesi artefaktlar\u0131ndan etkilenmeden h\u0131zl\u0131 ve tekrarlanabilir bir \u015fekilde alg\u0131layabilir. Ama\u00e7, bir\u00e7ok kartta h\u0131zl\u0131 alg\u0131lama ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yanl\u0131\u015f kilit riskidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pratikte: 2-3 global referans noktas\u0131n\u0131 birbirinden uza\u011fa yerle\u015ftirin, c\u00f6mert maske bo\u015flu\u011fu b\u0131rak\u0131n, her i\u015faretin etraf\u0131nda \u00f6zelliksiz bir koruma alan\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n ve ince aral\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00fcmelerin yak\u0131n\u0131na yerel referans noktalar\u0131 ekleyin. Referanslar\u0131 panelizasyon ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilen raylara g\u00f6mmeyin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"global-fiducials-vs-local-fiducials-which-one-matters-more-\">K\u00fcresel g\u00fcvenilirlikler yerel g\u00fcvenilirliklere kar\u015f\u0131: hangisi daha \u00f6nemli?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Global referanslar ve yerel referanslar, hangi hatay\u0131 kontrol etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zla ilgili bir sorudur: global referanslar t\u00fcm pano ofsetini ve rotasyonunu d\u00fczeltirken, yerel referanslar warp, flex veya tolerans y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 yerel sapma yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belirli bir bile\u015fen b\u00f6lgesinin yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki art\u0131k yanl\u0131\u015f hizalamay\u0131 azalt\u0131r. Her ikisi de ayn\u0131 hizalama sorununun farkl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na hizmet eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaln\u0131zca birini se\u00e7erseniz global kazan\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc temel koordinat sistemini belirler. Ancak dar aral\u0131kl\u0131 BGA'lar veya mikro par\u00e7alar yerle\u015ftiriyorsan\u0131z, yereller genellikle m\u00fchendislerin besleyicileri, nozullar\u0131 veya macunu su\u00e7lamas\u0131na neden olan \u201cbu k\u00f6\u015fe d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her \u015fey iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor\u201d hatas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-fiducial-mark-size-and-clearance-should-i-use-for-smt-vision-\">SMT g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7in hangi referans i\u015fareti boyutunu ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullanmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fiducial i\u015faret boyutu ve bo\u015flu\u011fu, bak\u0131r ped \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 ve kameran\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kenar kontrast\u0131 ve minimum arka plan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc ile net bir dairesel hedef g\u00f6rmesini sa\u011flayan \u00e7evreleyen lehim maskesi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \/ tutma b\u00f6lgesini ifade eder. Do\u011fru boyutland\u0131rma parlamay\u0131, maske tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ve alg\u0131lamay\u0131 yava\u015flatan yanl\u0131\u015f kenarlar\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yayg\u0131n fabrika dostu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktalar\u0131, 2,0-3,0 mm lehim maskesi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve etraf\u0131nda \u00f6zelliksiz bir muhafaza ile ~1,0 mm bak\u0131rd\u0131r, ancak montajc\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kurallar\u0131 ve kamera kurulumu bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. \u015e\u00fcpheye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde, tahmin etmek yerine hatt\u0131n kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f DFM kurallar\u0131na uyun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"are-pcb-registration-marks-the-same-as-fiducials-\">PCB kay\u0131t i\u015faretleri fiducialler ile ayn\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PCB kay\u0131t i\u015faretleri, s\u00fcre\u00e7leri hizalamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan referans \u00f6zelliklerdir ve SMT montaj\u0131nda bu genellikle referans i\u015faretleri anlam\u0131na gelir: bask\u0131, yerle\u015ftirme ve bazen denetimde kart hizalamas\u0131 i\u00e7in optik sistemler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131k hedefler. \u0130nsanlar terimleri gev\u015fek bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131r, ancak \u201cfiducial\u201d \u00e7o\u011fu hatt\u0131n g\u00fcvendi\u011fi \u00f6zel SMT g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hedefidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayn\u0131 konu\u015fmada \u201ctak\u0131m deliklerini\u201d de duyacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Tak\u0131m delikleri mekanik kullan\u0131m ve kaba hizalamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur; referanslar ise optik hassasiyetle ilgilenir. Bunlar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak k\u00f6t\u00fc kararlara neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"why-does-pick-and-place-machine-alignment-fail-even-with-fiducials-present-\">Referanslar mevcut olsa bile alma ve yerle\u015ftirme makinesi hizalamas\u0131 neden ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kamera parlama, lehim maskesi yanl\u0131\u015f kayd\u0131, serigrafi \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi, bak\u0131r d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc karma\u015fas\u0131, kirlenme, panel ray\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri veya d\u00f6nme matemati\u011fini dengelemek i\u00e7in birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f referanslar nedeniyle hedefleri g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde alg\u0131layamayabilece\u011finden, alma ve yerle\u015ftirme makinesi hizalamas\u0131 referanslarla bile ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olabilir. \u201cReferans noktalar\u0131na sahip\u201d, \u201ctespit edilebilir referans noktalar\u0131na sahip\u201d ile ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc algoritmas\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f kenara veya kirli bir hedefe kilitlenirse, d\u00fczeltme yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve her yerle\u015ftirme tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kayar. Bu y\u00fczden d\u00fczeltme genellikle PCB tasar\u0131m kurallar\u0131nda ve panelizasyon kontrol\u00fcnde bulunur, bir saatlik makine parametresi ayarlamas\u0131nda de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hizalama konusunda tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 yolunu istiyorsan\u0131z, Gerber'lerinize ve hat hedeflerinize birlikte bakal\u0131m. Kullan\u0131m&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/contact\/\">SMT ekibimizle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;ve bize ne in\u015fa etti\u011finizi s\u00f6yleyin (bile\u015fen boyutlar\u0131, hatve, panel format\u0131, hedef CPH). E\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7ek b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, \u015funlarla ba\u015flay\u0131n&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/solution\/turnkey-smt-line-solutions\/\">Anahtar teslim SMT hatt\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;B\u00f6ylece yaz\u0131c\u0131, montajc\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131ma ve denetim tek bir koordinat ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi \u00fczerinde anla\u015f\u0131r - \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc referanslar\u0131n\u0131z kendi kendine sava\u015fan bir \u00e7izgiyi d\u00fczeltemez.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir hat 01005\u201cleri hedeften 80-150 \u00b5m uza\u011fa yerle\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flayana ve herkes makineyi su\u00e7layana kadar Fiducial'lar s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Size g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc sisteminin ger\u00e7ekte ne \u201dg\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\" ve PCB d\u00fczeninizin ne yapmay\u0131 b\u0131rakmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterece\u011fim.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[838],"tags":[1042,1043,842,1044,1008,1041],"class_list":["post-5660","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maintenance-spares","tag-dfm-for-smt","tag-fiducial-design-rules","tag-pcb-assembly","tag-pcb-registration","tag-pick-and-place-calibration","tag-smt-vision"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5660"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5660\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6382,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5660\/revisions\/6382"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}