{"id":5834,"date":"2026-03-17T09:41:23","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T09:41:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/?p=5834"},"modified":"2026-05-19T15:45:31","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T15:45:31","slug":"placement-sequence-optimization-reducing-cycle-time-through-smart-algorithms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/placement-sequence-optimization-reducing-cycle-time-through-smart-algorithms\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp: Gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 nh\u1edd c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng minh"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i SMT \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea3i m\u00ea nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 CPH danh \u0111\u1ecbnh, so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean hay c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p khi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c thay v\u00f2i phun ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng zigzag l\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/a>, doanh thu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t 1.462,7 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024, t\u0103ng 19,11% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2023. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 qua FRED<\/a>, \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 106,624 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023 l\u00ean 109,528 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 2,71%. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gia t\u0103ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng thao t\u00e1c th\u1eeba th\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. (Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 m\u1ea3i m\u00ea theo \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n: ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua so s\u00e1nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qua c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng minh trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y g\u00ec<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn, khi<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn n\u00f3, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang mua s\u1eafm m\u00e1y l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/a> Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. T\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 v\u1eady. Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb7t ra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2024 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a MDPI v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e1y l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u quay<\/a> \u0111\u01b0a ra quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u00f2i phun, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 l\u1eabn nhau, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i NP-hard. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec n\u00f3 x\u00f3a tan \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u201c\u01b0u ti\u00ean linh ki\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t\u201d hay \u201cs\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. (MDPI<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"M\u1ee1<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng minh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng minh\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. V\u1eady n\u00ean h\u00e3y n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn. Trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng SMT th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt\u201d c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a<\/th>Quy t\u1eafc chung sai l\u1ea7m<\/th>H\u00e0nh vi thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n<\/th>T\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p<\/td>H\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/td>Ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o di chuy\u1ec3n<\/td>Gi\u1ea3m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng theo tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc<\/td><\/tr>
Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 PCB<\/td>Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c l\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng, di chuy\u1ec3n, xoay v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/td>Tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng xe ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng-\u0111i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td><\/tr>
C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2i phun<\/td>Thay v\u00f2i phun khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>Gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng<\/td><\/tr>
Ph\u00e2n khu<\/td>H\u00e3y coi b\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1eb3ng<\/td>Ph\u00e2n chia theo c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td>Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed do tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p<\/td><\/tr>
L\u1eadp l\u1ecbch tuy\u1ebfn<\/td>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1eebng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t<\/td>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch, quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/td>B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong su\u1ed1t ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang: thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00ean hoa m\u1ef9 nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y l\u1ea1i. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00f4 t\u00f4, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn gi\u00e2y t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ph\u00fat khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i khi xem x\u00e9t ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"M\u1ee1<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o trong t\u1edd r\u01a1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00fa v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2024 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o trong T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch Deep Q-Network cho c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean DQN v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy t\u1eafc heuristic c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p DQN cho th\u1ea5y th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecf, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1edbn; trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecf, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 0,79% so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p heuristic t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, b\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 d\u01b0\u1edbi 1% \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n \u2014 v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n \u2014 so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft 20% h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. (MDPI<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. N\u0103m 2024 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Springer v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (SMT) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 OEE theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 t\u00e1m d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, trong \u0111\u00f3 ba d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 OEE l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 8,61 TP3T, 15,71 TP3T v\u00e0 18,61 TP3T sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 khi logic l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch ng\u1eebng coi m\u1ed7i d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. (Springer<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169 r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u1edbi quan tr\u1ecdng. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2024 l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. (MDPI<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u01a1i m\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i. M\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n di chuy\u1ec3n d\u00e0i. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong logic thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00f2i phun tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng camera, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u0103n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed xoay. V\u00e0 n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t khi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eabu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng linh ki\u1ec7n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch theo nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n linh ki\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh sau khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu logic t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qua m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i: trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c SMT, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, trong khi tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u CAD kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00f2i phun \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xoay t\u00e2m t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd r\u00e0 so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc sau l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1eddi qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o n\u00e0o h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i th\u00e0 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sau b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng<\/a> thay v\u00ec c\u1ee9 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u201cAI\u201d kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m l\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ai trong c\u00f4ng ty hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xung quanh Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t SMT tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i<\/a>, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y in, b\u1ed9 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m tra, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi nhau. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ct\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a\u201d \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn sang m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"M\u1ee1<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng h\u1ecfi: \u201cT\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfi: \u201c12 gi\u00e2y v\u1eeba qua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u r\u1ed3i?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chia chu k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: di chuy\u1ec3n, l\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, thay v\u00f2i phun, ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng camera v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 t\u1ebb nh\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ebb nh\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh (ID) c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p. Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00f2i phun. X\u00e1c minh c\u00e1c g\u00f3c xoay t\u00e2m. Ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111ang t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m bao b\u00ec hay kh\u00f4ng. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem b\u1ed9 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c thay v\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m theo d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea5p ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhanh nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t bo m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng? N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng? S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng? S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bo m\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd c\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong c\u1ea3 tu\u1ea7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u? T\u1ed1t. Gi\u1edd th\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/a> quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o hoa m\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chi ti\u1ebft mang t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2026, khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem ti\u1ec1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i. (Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u00ean t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng: n\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c SMT c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn coi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t SMT l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y linh ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2i phun, qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch, nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap m\u00e1y SMT ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hay l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00f4 \u00edch, c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00f2i phun kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng bao nhi\u00eau?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hai con s\u1ed1, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y hay l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n SMT. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch DQN n\u0103m 2024, th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n heuristic c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy m\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, trong khi m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Springer n\u0103m 2024 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng OEE l\u00e0 8,6%, 15,7% v\u00e0 18,6% tr\u00ean ba d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a trong m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u00e1m d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 trung th\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 \u201cc\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb\u201d v\u1edbi \u201ct\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. (MDPI<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u00f4i sao?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t SMT kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn l\u1eabn \u0111a d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, nh\u01b0ng ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u01b0u ti\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bo m\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a logic v\u00f2i phun. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng theo nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n, trong khi t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y linh ki\u1ec7n, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c thay v\u00f2i phun, ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch cho nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn suy ngh\u0129 n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/a> v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00fang v\u1edbi danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Trang li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n demo chung chung.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u phun, vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00f2i phun v\u00e0 logic l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng minh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5835,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[838],"tags":[1171,1172,1089,1169,1173,1170],"class_list":["post-5834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maintenance-spares","tag-feeder-arrangement","tag-pcb-assembly-efficiency","tag-pick-and-place-optimization","tag-placement-sequence-optimization","tag-smart-manufacturing-algorithms","tag-smt-cycle-time-reduction"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5834"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6353,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5834\/revisions\/6353"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pickandplacemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}